Emergency lighting is different from general lighting. It includes: standby lighting, evacuation lighting, and safety lighting. The hospital's requirements for emergency lighting systems are particularly special. The hospital's gates, emergency building halls, public walkways and ward corridors, underground parking lots, etc., must be equipped with a certain number of emergency-oriented lighting signs at the safety exit, so that in the event of an emergency Doctors and patients can get lighting, guidance and evacuation in time.
The safety, emergency, reliability, maintenance convenience and energy saving of emergency lighting facilities have become an important indicator for measuring the advantages and disadvantages of emergency lighting systems, and also must be seriously considered in the design of hospital architectural lighting.
The main problem: standing is not commonly used, there are security risks
According to the author's investigation, the current rate of emergency lighting system facilities in most hospitals is generally poor, mainly in the form of emergency lighting signs and texts, emergency initial conversion luminous flux is less than 70% of normal luminous flux, lamp or battery damage, equipment accessories Loss and so on.
These conditions, on the one hand, the hospital chose an inappropriate emergency lighting system, or because these devices are often standing but not commonly used, and the relevant personnel lack the common knowledge, requirements and maintenance knowledge of the emergency lighting system used. Understand, causing emergency lighting and its components to reach their service life in advance. Because it is not used normally, it is not known that there are problems, and the effect is often lost at critical moments, causing the emergency lighting system to be ineffective. Therefore, once the utility power is cut off, it will cause irreparable loss of life and property.
On the other hand, since most of the emergency lighting facilities are installed at the same time as the fire emergency lighting equipment, most of these equipments are replaced by fire emergency lighting equipment. However, due to the excessive cost of production and circulation of fire emergency lighting equipment, the products sent by the manufacturers and The sales products vary greatly, causing the counterfeit products to flood the market, resulting in the quality of the entire emergency lighting system being unguaranteed, thus posing a safety hazard.
Guaranteed power supply: three systems have their own advantages
The emergency channel indicator light or emergency light set for the purpose of escape is not stable in the hospital emergency lighting system because it is too distributed and scattered, often without monitoring and periodic inspection, resulting in equipment failure after timely failure. repair. With the improvement of people's safety awareness and the change of the technical concept of emergency lighting system, the use of centralized power supply emergency lighting power supply to replace the scattered emergency lights is becoming the trend and trend of hospital emergency lighting technology development.
* Dual power + diesel generator power supply system
The use of dual power + diesel generators as backup power is the most commonly used emergency power supply for high-rise civil buildings. Its advantages are twofold:
First, the two-way power supply line has a certain reliability. Even if one road is powered off, the other road can continue to supply power.
Second, the diesel generator set has the advantages of high efficiency, large power range (from several kilowatts to thousands of kilowatts), small size, light weight, easy handling, etc. The use of diesel fuel as fuel facilitates storage and transportation, and is relatively easy to operate and maintain. . As a backup power source, the oil generator set has higher reliability, large power generation, and is easy to self-start control. When the city network is powered off, it can start generating electricity within 10 to 15 seconds after a preset delay. Continue to load.
However, this system has the following disadvantages: the noise is too large, the overload capacity is poor, there is a large amount of sulfur dioxide in the smoke exhaust, it is not environmentally friendly, and the ability to deal with the impact capacity is small; the diesel generator set is generally placed in the basement, which is difficult to design and high in cost. Facilities such as air intake, cooling, smoke exhaust, shock absorption, and noise reduction need to be fully considered; daily maintenance workload is large; there are fire hazards. Therefore, at present, the hospital mainly uses such a system for emergency power supply for large key equipment in operating rooms, treatment rooms and the like, and is less used for emergency lighting power supply.
*EPS DC power emergency power system
The EPS emergency power system has manual, automatic conversion and forced start button for professional operation. The overload is 120% and can work normally with higher reliability. EPS power supply is used as the backup power supply for emergency lighting. The biggest advantage is that there is no gap in the power supply, that is, no waiting time is 10 to 15 seconds. The EPS startup will not exceed 25ms, so it will not affect the normal operation of the equipment. jobs. Lead-acid batteries are often used for battery components.
Although the EPS emergency power system is currently widely used in hospital emergency lighting systems, there are some drawbacks. If there is no special person to maintain it regularly, it will cause a sharp drop in battery performance and life. In addition, the performance can not be detected normally, and the problem is often found after power failure, resulting in the entire emergency lighting system not working properly, making the hospital The emergency lighting system becomes a display.
* Solar low voltage power supply emergency power system
The solar low-voltage power supply emergency power system is an emergency lighting solution that combines photovoltaic cells and LEDs. The advantage of using photovoltaic cells is that the entire system is out of the limits of commercial power; LEDs have the advantages of long life, no sudden damage, and low-voltage DC power supply, which greatly improves the maintenance cost and damage rate of current emergency lighting.
Compared with EPS DC power emergency power system, solar low-voltage power supply emergency power system has the following advantages -
In terms of batteries: The system has now begun to use nano-silica batteries as the main components. The storage capacity of the silica gel battery is larger than that of the lead-acid battery, and has a long service life; it has a large current discharge and variable power charging performance, and is always in an activated state of solar charging when used in combination with a solar battery; The operating temperature range is from -40 ° C to +60 ° C and the contamination is small.
In terms of lighting fixtures used, the system uses low voltage power and uses LED lighting fixtures. LED lamps have high efficiency and low energy consumption, not only saving electricity during use, but also the energy saving process of light source and lamps from raw materials to finished products; light quality is good, it is a typical green lighting source; long life, luminous flux is reduced to 50 % of nominal life is 100,000 hours; safe to use, the working voltage of the unit is roughly between 1.5V and 5V, and the working current is about 20mA; green, environmentally friendly, waste can be recycled, no pollution; good controllability, fast response time (on the order of microseconds), it can be repeatedly and frequently turned off, basically no inertia, especially the fire emergency lighting fixtures using LEDs, and the performance is superior.
In terms of system maintenance strength, EPS emergency power system usually does not charge and discharge work, so it is impossible to know whether the whole system is normal when there is no regular maintenance. The solar low-voltage power supply emergency lighting system can be automatically working every day, so that it can be found at any time. Problems in the system.
In terms of energy saving, the EPS power emergency lighting system stores energy through the mains, while the solar low-voltage emergency lighting system stores energy from solar cells and does not consume utility power. At present, the solar power public lighting system in some areas has a power saving rate of more than 80%. In addition to hospital emergency lighting, the hospital's underground garage, underground drug warehouse, and underground standard library can all use solar public lighting systems.
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