Solar energy is a clean green energy source. Semiconductor light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are also environmentally friendly, energy-saving and efficient solid-state electric light sources. In today's world, major energy sources such as oil, coal, and natural gas are facing the danger of depletion of resources. At the same time, environmental protection pressures are also increasing. Therefore, environmental protection and energy conservation have become the goals pursued by all walks of life in the world. The combination of solar energy and LED Lighting is imperative.
In the past hundred years, lighting sources have experienced three important stages: incandescent, fluorescent, and HID. Among them, the incandescent lamp is the first generation light source, the fluorescent lamp is the second generation light source, and the high intensity gas discharge lamp is the third generation light source (HID). LED Light sources with broad development prospects in the lighting industry are now called fourth-generation light sources. As a novel semiconductor light source, LED has the characteristics of long life, high luminous efficiency, low power consumption, short starting time and firm structure.
1. The principle of solar photovoltaic power generation
Solar photovoltaic power generation relies on solar cell modules, which utilize the electronic properties of semiconductor materials. When sunlight is applied to the semiconductor PN junction, a strong built-in electrostatic field is generated due to the PN junction barrier region, which is generated in the barrier region. Non-equilibrium electrons and holes or non-equilibrium electrons and holes generated outside the barrier region but diffusing into the barrier region, under the action of the built-in electrostatic field, each move in the opposite direction and leave the barrier region, resulting in The potential in the P region rises and the potential in the N region decreases, thereby generating voltage and current in the external circuit, converting the light energy into electrical energy. Solar photovoltaic power generation systems can be roughly divided into two categories, one is a grid-connected power generation system, that is, connected to a public power grid through a standard interface, like a small power plant; the other is a stand-alone power generation system, that is, in its own A circuit is formed inside the closed circuit system. The grid-connected power generation system converts the received solar radiation energy into high-voltage direct current through the high-frequency direct current conversion through the photovoltaic array. After the inverter is inverter-inverted, it outputs the same-frequency, in-phase sinusoidal alternating current with the grid voltage to the grid. The PV array of the independent power generation system first converts the received solar radiation energy into a power supply load directly, and the excess energy is stored in the battery in the form of chemical energy after passing through the charging controller.
2. Advantages of LED lighting
In addition to the advantages of long service life, high luminous efficiency, light filial weight, environmental protection, safety and reliability, LED semiconductor illumination source has a significant advantage. Because the LED starting voltage and working voltage are the same, ballasts are not needed. This saves the cost and energy consumption, and also greatly reduces the response time of power on and off.
3. Combination of solar energy and LED lighting
The key to the perfect combination of solar photovoltaic technology with LED lighting is that both are DC, low voltage and can match each other. Therefore, the combination of the two does not need to convert the direct current generated by the solar cell into alternating current, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the entire lighting system. At the same time, with the help of grid-connected technology or the use of batteries to charge and discharge energy, its advantages are more obvious. With the in-depth study of related technologies, the luminous efficiency of LEDs is constantly improving, and ultra-high-brightness LEDs will be available, which will inevitably replace ordinary lighting electric light sources, and save a lot of energy and no pollution.
Since the operating current of the LED is DC, the operating voltage is low. Solar cells convert light energy into DC power, and solar cells can be combined in series and parallel to obtain the voltage actually needed. These features just match the LEDs. The combination of the two will achieve high energy efficiency, high safety performance and reliability, and achieve a perfect combination of energy-saving, environmentally friendly, safe and efficient lighting systems.
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