Implementation of ZigBee in smart home wireless data transmission

ZigBee technology is a new wireless network technology with low power consumption, low data transmission rate, short transmission distance, low cost and low complexity. IEEE80211514 is its basic standard. This is the IEEE wireless personal area network PAN (PersonalAreaNetwork). A standard of the working group. With the rapid development of MEMS technology, wireless communication technology and sensor technology, wireless sensor networks have been widely used in industrial control, military production, life, medical, education and scientific research. To this end, the design method of a wireless data transmission module based on the CC2430 chip in smart home is discussed.

1 ZigBee technology and its advantages

ZigBee technology is an emerging wireless network technology that has all the advantages of IEEE80211514's powerful wireless physical layer: power saving, simple, low cost specifications; and added logical network layer, network security layer and application layer . ZigBee's main application areas include wireless data acquisition, wireless industrial control, consumer electronics, automotive automation, home and building automation, medical device control, remote network control, etc. The main advantages of its technology are: 1 low data transmission rate; 2 Low power consumption; 3 high communication reliability; 4 time delay is short; 5 network capacity is large; 6 data security is high.

Since the wireless sensor network itself requires technical features such as node intensive, energy-saving, and convenient routing, it can be seen that it is feasible to use ZigBee technology as the wireless communication of the wireless sensor network node.

2 CC2430 chip introduction

CC2430 is a new concept ZigBee wireless MCU series chip launched by chip giant TI after the acquisition of CHIPCON. The CC2430 chip extends the architecture of the previous CC2420 chip. It is based on the CC2420 and is bundled with the ZigBee protocol stack. It has 128KB of programmable flash memory, 8KB of RAM and other functions for IEEE80211514 and ZigBee applications. In the receive and transmit modes, the current loss is less than 27mA or 25mA respectively. The main features of the CC2430 chip are as follows:

1 wide voltage range (210 ~ 316V);

2 Excellent wireless receiving sensitivity and strong anti-interference; only 019μA current consumption in sleep mode, external interrupt or RTC can wake up the system; less than 016μA in standby mode, external interrupt can wake up the system; hardware support CSMA/CA function;

34 programmable power modes; programmable watchdog timer; power-on reset function; support hardware debugging function;

48KB of SRAM, 4KB of data can be maintained in all power modes; RoHS compatible 7&TImes; 7mmQLP package;

532MHz single instruction cycle low power 8051 microcontroller core; integrated RF radio transceiver compatible with IEEE80211514 standard 214GHz frequency band;

6 integrated 14-bit A/D conversion ADC; integrated AES security coprocessor; 2 powerful USARTs supporting several sets of protocols, and 1 MAC timer compliant with IEEE80211514 specification, 1 regular 16-bit timer And 2 8-bit timers.

3 overall hardware design

Infrared detection design and implementation in smart home security mainly requires testing whether there is any intrusion in the house. Whether it is lurking inside or just entering, it can feedback the alarm information to the owner and the property tube to facilitate the owner to go out during the day or night. I can know the situation at home. The test can only be carried out in the house, and the detection outside the house is excluded, causing alarm interference. Therefore, the detection part uses infrared, and its advantages are:

1 detector only responds to infrared light, so it can work in day and night;

2 can identify moving creatures and other abiotics;

3 can detect the infrared radiation radiated by the human body in a non-contact manner and convert it into a voltage signal;

4 Interrupted communication with obstacles.

The nodes of the wireless sensor network are generally composed of a sensor module, a processor module, a wireless communication module, and a power module. The processor module and wireless communication module use CC2430 chip, which greatly simplifies the design of RF circuit.

The sensor module uses an integrated infrared detection sensor PD632 and a micropower operational amplifier HT9274 integrated circuit. The power module is powered by two 115V No. 5 batteries. In the design, pin P115 of CC2430 is used for SCK, P111 is used for DATA input, and P112 is used for lighting display when data is transmitted.

4 programming

The software architecture of the system consists of the software of the data acquisition end and the software of the data receiving end, both of which contain the transmitting program and the receiving program. They all contain initialized programs. The initialization program mainly initializes the SPI of the single chip radio frequency chip; the transmitting program sends the packaged data packet to the output of the radio frequency generating module through the SPI interface of the single chip microcomputer; the receiving program completes the receiving of the data collected by the terminal and performs corresponding processing. The data acquisition software flow chart is shown in Figure 1. In the process of data acquisition and data transmission, the MCU microcontroller first initializes the management and channel selection. The low-power timer runs ready to receive signals and waits for the sensor request signal. If the request is legal, the data is initialized. After the acquisition, CC2430 is passed. Send, complete the data collection function.

The main program of data acquisition is given below.



5 Conclusion

Based on the summary of the research and design of the chip CC2430, the design and implementation of the hardware and software of the wireless sensor network based on CC2430 are expounded. After experimental testing, the node can collect infrared detection data and transmit the collected data back to the host to realize the transmission and reception of infrared alarm signals in the smart home. The research in this paper provides a design for further security system design.

Through hard work, a more complete function, and smart home security system based on ZigBee technology will be applied.

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