What is the future development trend of ECU / MCU technology for automobiles?

The number of electronic components imported into automobiles has increased dramatically. BMW, Mercedes-Benz and Audi are accelerating the automotive system towards electronic, and the high-end models of the three major car manufacturers have included more than one hundred electronic control units (ECU) And the continuous increase of two hundred microcontrollers (MCU) will help the car reduce the weight of the car body and improve the fuel efficiency of the car.

Huang Liren, the leader of the Biomedical and Industrial Integrated Circuit Technology Group at the Institute of Information and Communication Technology of the Industrial Technology Research Institute, said that cars produced by BMW, Mercedes-Benz and Audi currently have the highest degree of integration between ECU and MCU.

Huang Liren, Group Leader of Biomedical and Industrial Integrated Circuit Technology Group, Institute of Information and Communication Technology, Industrial Technology Research Institute
Huang Liren, Group Leader of Biomedical and Industrial Integrated Circuit Technology Group, Institute of Information and Communication Technology, Industrial Technology Research Institute

Huang Liren, group leader of the Biomedical and Industrial Integrated Circuit Technology Group at the Institute of Information and Communication Technology, ITRI, said that because the weight of mechanical components is very heavy, it often causes friction between each other to generate heat energy, which greatly reduces the fuel efficiency of automobiles; through automobile systems With the development of electronics, electronic components can more precisely control mechanical components, thereby reducing the wear and tear of mechanical components and improving the efficiency and service life of automotive systems.

On the other hand, government agencies such as the United States Energy Agency (DOE) have increasingly stricter regulations on carbon dioxide emissions from automobiles, and consumers demand that automobiles have higher reliability and comfort. The integration of automotive systems to achieve the next generation of smart cars with energy-saving and safety functions is also an important factor in the surge in the number of ECUs and MCUs in automobiles.

Huang Liren analyzed and predicted the development trend of smart car electronics in the next two years. The driving assistance system is expected to stand out among mid-to-high-end and special vehicle types. The car manufacturer will gradually upgrade from a passive driving assistance system assembled from mechanical components to a converged electronics Technology's Active Driving Assistance System (ADAS) to increase vehicle safety.

In addition, in the application of general car models, electric steering wheels and rearview mirrors, windows and wipers will also be gradually upgraded to electronic power steering wheels, as well as electric rearview mirrors, windows and wipers, and the development of electrification of automotive systems will become increasingly popular. . Huang Liren believes that BMW, Mercedes-Benz and Audi are the most auto OEMs at this stage, and the high-end models of these three major car manufacturers are the industry's recognized wind direction and popular indicators of automotive technology. In the focus of the electronicization of automotive systems, a glimpse into the future development direction of automotive ECU technology.

It is understood that the design focus of these car manufacturers' high-end models on ECUs is to use a large number of sensors to make feedback, so that the body electronic control is more stable and detailed. Taking BMW 7 series high-end models as an example, this series of car chassis systems use many ECUs; in addition, if the suspension balance point of the general sensor is only four, six or eight points for comparison, the adjustable suspension of BMW high-end cars With a balance point of up to twenty-four, it can carry out very fine-tuning and improve the stability of the suspension system, allowing passengers to have a more stable and comfortable riding experience.

At the same time, BMW introduces power, balance system, engine ignition and gearbox control in the electronic power steering wheel. In addition to a large number of electronic components, it also incorporates many sophisticated sensors to allow the electronic power steering wheel to directly feedback more finely. Angle to enhance the user experience of the driver.

He Jizhe, deputy manager of the first sales and marketing department of the Renesas Electronics Sales and Marketing Division, emphasized that in response to the trend of the electronicization of automotive systems, electronic components must have several requirements, including certification of vehicle regulations such as AEC-Q100 or ISO 26262, for automotive safety Checking; and must be connected with the vehicle network such as the controller area network (CAN Bus), the area Internet road (LIN Bus) and the FlexRay network, etc., to ensure that the vehicle system communicates with other systems without obstruction.

In addition, He Jizhe mentioned that electronic components that meet the needs of highly electronic automotive systems must be a highly integrated product. Taking a car MCU as an example, functions such as a regulator, analog power IC, and CAN bus transceiver may be integrated, thereby effectively simplifying the design of car control. He Jizhe explained that electronic components with a high degree of electromechanical integration are usually designed for application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and integrate the peripheral functions and components of the automotive system, in the form of special-purpose ICs such as windows, car audio, dashboards, etc. application.

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