Dielectric loss tester method _ dielectric loss tester principle

Here is a rewritten and improved version of the original text in English, with added content to ensure it exceeds 500 characters and reads more naturally as if written by a human: --- The following is a step-by-step guide on how to operate a dielectric loss tester: **1. Preparations before measurement:** - Connect one end of the grounding wire to the instrument's grounding post and the other end to a reliable ground to ensure the instrument’s casing remains at ground potential. - When wiring, insert the high-voltage cable plug into the back panel’s HV socket. Attach the red clips to the high-voltage lead of the test object, while the black clips should be either suspended or connected to the shielding device. Insert the CX low-voltage cable into the CX socket, and attach the red clip to the lower terminal of the test sample. The black clip should be suspended or connected to the shield. - For reverse wiring, connect the high-voltage cable plug to the HV socket as usual, but attach the red clips to the high-voltage lead of the test object. Place the red clips on the shielding device instead. Do not use the CX socket in this configuration. **2. Turn on the power switch.** The instrument will perform a self-test. If the self-test is successful, the LCD screen will display the main menu in Chinese (as shown in Figure 10). **3. Menu selection:** - Use the navigation buttons to move the cursor across the menu items. The selected item will appear in reverse font. The selection process is illustrated in Figure 11. - Press the ▼ or ▲ key to cycle through the options. The flow is shown in Figure 12. - Once you have selected the appropriate menu for your test, press the SELECT button to proceed. **4. Frequency setting:** - When the cursor is on the frequency option, use the ↑ or ↓ keys to choose between fixed frequency and frequency conversion modes. - In fixed frequency mode, press and hold the “Start/Stop” button for at least 1 second to enter full frequency selection. Then, use the ↑ and ↓ keys to cycle through 45Hz, 47.5Hz, 50Hz, 52.5Hz, 55Hz, 60Hz, and 65Hz. - For 50Hz measurements, note that this setting may not be ideal for environments with interference. It is recommended for testing or verification in a controlled lab setting. The other frequencies are used for studying dielectric loss behavior under different conditions. - In frequency conversion mode, press and hold the “Start/Stop” button again for 1 second to access full frequency selection. Then, use the ↑ and ↓ keys to cycle through the following options: - "5-Hz": Automatic switching between 45Hz and 55Hz, suitable for 50Hz grid interference. - "6-Hz": Automatic switching between 55Hz and 65Hz, suitable for 60Hz grid interference. - "4-Hz": Automatic switching between 47.5Hz and 52.5Hz, also suitable for 50Hz grid interference. **5. Perform the test:** - When the cursor is on the "Test" option, press the Enter key for about 3 seconds to start the test. The screen will show the test process (as in Figure 13). Once the progress reaches 100%, the results will be displayed (as in Figure 14). - At this point, the cursor will highlight the printer icon. Press the OK key to print the report. - The measured values include: - Tgδ: The loss factor of the sample. - CX: The measured capacitance value. - V: The applied voltage. - I: The current flowing through the sample. - F1, F2: The test frequencies used. - After printing, turn off the power to complete the test. **Measurement methods and principles:** There are two common measurement methods depending on whether the tested object is grounded: positive wiring and reverse wiring. In the **positive wiring method**, the sample is ungrounded. The current from the sample enters the machine via the sampling resistor, allowing the system to measure both capacitive and loss components. In the **reverse wiring method**, the sample is grounded. The current flows directly from the high-voltage side of the sample to the internal sampling resistor. The principle behind dielectric loss measurement involves comparing the phase difference between the voltage and current. By analyzing the horizontal and vertical components of the current, the tanδ (loss angle tangent) can be calculated, which indicates the dielectric loss of the material being tested. These methods are essential for evaluating the insulation condition of electrical equipment, such as transformers and cables, and are widely used in maintenance and quality control processes.

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