Overview of various technologies of home network
Telephone operators, cable operators and other providers are launching various new broadband services, most of which include data, video and voice services that require higher bandwidth than in the past. Over the past few years, access network technology has made tremendous progress. People are no longer discussing how to provide last-mile wireless broadband access technology, but how to transfer content to the appropriate room. At present, various home network technologies formed by different combinations of existing telephone lines, power lines, coaxial cables, structured wiring systems, and wireless technologies can be used to provide a variety of new services. The diversity of home networking technologies raises the cost of suppliers and also causes consumers to be a little puzzled. Therefore, service providers seem to start to develop converged network technologies, supporting all types of cable connection technologies and wireless technologies already in the home. The ideal platform to support existing and new home network technologies is a cell gateway (RG) with powerful network functions.
Various home network technologies
The development of the last mile access technology has improved data transmission speed and robustness, enabling operators to provide bandwidth-intensive services such as triple-service integration services. For example, the fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) service provided by Verizon achieves extremely high broadband access. AT & T uses VDSL2 combined with optical to roadside technology (FTTC) to provide high data rate services for home users, which is also a reliable access method.
Service providers also view the home network as an integral part of the service, because users want to transmit IPTV and other media content throughout the home. We currently use many types of home networking technologies.
Wireless connection is the most commonly used home network technology. Currently, this technology is mainly used for data distribution. Wireless technology has the advantage of mobility, which is the main reason for its promotion. However, wireless technology is still difficult to reliably transmit video content. Due to the long wireless connection distance and the concrete walls blocking the RF signal, the data rate required by HDTV may not be obtained at the corners of many homes. In addition, 802.11 MAC cannot meet the strict jitter and delay requirements for video transmission in the home. Although 802.11n solves some problems, it is still difficult to completely solve all problems. Therefore, we need to cooperate with the use of wired connection technology to assist WiFi technology to achieve the transmission of video content throughout the home.
The Coaxial Cable Multimedia Alliance (MoCA) standard uses coaxial cables already installed in most homes to achieve home video signal transmission. Assuming that the signal is transmitted from the access point device, and the insertion loss of the coaxial cable is very small, and is almost free from crosstalk interference, the coaxial cable is a better medium. However, because the jitter between the interfaces will cause extremely high loss, the coaxial cable is not suitable for network technology. In addition, coaxial cables are not as popular as telephone lines or power lines, so home network technology that uses only coaxial cables is still very limited for most families.
The Home Phone Line Network Alliance (HPNA) is another home network technology that was originally developed for use on the phone line. ITU-T has proposed G.9954 specifications for this technology. The latest HPNA version 3.1 of this technology can also be used for coaxial cables. The main advantage of HPNA is that there are more telephone interfaces in the home than coaxial cable interfaces. However, when the connection and bridge taps are in poor condition, sometimes performance is degraded. The insertion loss of the telephone line is greater than that of the coaxial cable. Although the telephone line is curled, it will also be greatly affected by high-frequency crosstalk. In addition, the telephone line will also be affected by the sharp intrusion noise of other appliances.
The power cord is another important medium for wired connection. Although there is no widely accepted standard for this type of wire, some patented technologies are already available. HomePlug is a stronger industry alliance that has introduced several standards. The latest standard, HomePlugAV, addresses the needs of home video streaming applications and is said to support coaxial cables. In addition, OPERA and CEPCA have also launched their own patent standards and introduced their products to the market. The main advantage of the power line connection is that most homes have many power line interfaces, which provides great flexibility for the transmission of video, voice and data services at home. Unfortunately, the power cord is not crimped and it is susceptible to crosstalk interference. The topology of household power transmission lines is very complex, which can easily cause signal loss. In addition, different appliances can cause a lot of noise.
Typical application of home network
Various wired network technologies are so different that they are really confusing. Many different specifications are not only difficult to achieve interoperability, but sometimes also interfere with each other. If users encounter difficulties when using a certain home network technology, they will be dissatisfied with service providers who provide related equipment or technology. There are a variety of different technical standards in the market, which also increases costs, makes it difficult for equipment suppliers to achieve economies of scale, and also exposes service providers to greater risks. The technology they choose may not be enough Accepted by users, thus forcing them to make a large amount of investment to update the existing equipment.
Promote the establishment of a universal wired home network standard
In view of the above reasons, service providers are actively working to establish a new wired home network standard to achieve high performance of various wired connection media in the home. Why develop new standards instead of improving existing standards? One of the main reasons is that we need a network technology that makes full use of the existing wired connection media in the home, whether it is coaxial cable, telephone line, power line or structured wiring. A unified standard can solve interoperability problems and make best use of existing lines.
In April 2006, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) began to develop this latest standard. At present, a committee of the Union (Research Group 15, Working Group 1, 4th Examination Division Study Group 15, WorkingParty 1, QuesTIon 4) Is preparing to propose a unified wired home network standard proposal, namely G.hn. The committee has proposed DSL and HPNA standards in the past. The G.hn standard is based on Orthogonal Frequency Domain Multiplexing (OFDM) technology, which is also used in 802.11 and several other recent standards. In addition, we hope that the new standard proposal can achieve higher robustness, meet the requirements of various existing home network cabling, provide strict quality of service (QoS) support for reliable video transmission, and avoid existing services on the line Cause interference. We also have a requirement for the new standard, that is, it must exceed the functions and data transmission speed of the existing technology, so as to support the new generation of services. The current goal is that the PHY layer data transmission speed should reach 500 Mbps, which means that the MAC layer data transmission speed should be in the range of 200 to 300 Mbps. Finally, service providers hope that consumers do not need any cumbersome setup steps when installing basic equipment.
ITU-T is currently planning to complete the relevant requirements and basic architecture by June 2007, and to develop the final version of the specification recommendations by January 2008. The prototype chipset will be available in late 2008 or early 2009. Integration and interoperability testing requires more time, so the final deployment will begin in late 2009 or early 2010. With the support and cooperation of telephone and cable operators, we expect G.hn to become a universal cable connection standard that matches the WiFi standard.
The role of home gateway
The home gateway supports multiple home network technologies.
The differences in current home network standards and their integration trends further highlight the importance of the new generation of RGs, which should support video and voice processing and also have network capabilities. An important function of RG is to route and manage multiple HDTV video streams and ensure its bandwidth. In addition, RG also provides an interface between broadband signals and home network technology. RG is very popular among households using xDSL broadband services, and it has already occupied a considerable market share. Similar equipment is expected to play in the cable and FTTH markets in the near future. One of the key advantages of RG is that it provides powerful processing resources and reserves space for adding new functions, which can help service providers to launch distinctive services.
Semiconductor manufacturers respond positively and develop powerful platforms that support high performance, high flexibility and serviceability to meet the requirements of service providers. Common features include multiple processors and rich local area network (LAN) interfaces. Multiprocessors dedicated to specific services can ensure high system performance and improve the quality of service (QoS) for end users.
TI integrates voice functions in the RG platform and can support multiple home network technologies such as WiFi, HomePlug, and MoCA. We provide interface technology for a variety of home LANs, which enables consumers to choose technologies at different price points, to ensure that operators are not restricted to a specific LAN technology, if the technology is not accepted by consumers, then the loss of operators too big. Finally, the flexible DSP architecture allows us to quickly and inexpensively support new network technologies such as the G.hn standard with the emergence of the G.hn standard.
in conclusion:
To provide broadcast-quality video and other services in a large community, cable connection technology is inevitably needed in a short time. At present, there are many different wired network technologies, which are not compatible with each other. The new ITU-T G.hn standard proposal will solve this problem. The new technology platform will serve as the basis for new RG solutions, promote the development of next-generation services, and continually increase flexibility to help launch customized services and support new advanced features. This highly flexible new architecture can be adjusted easily and cheaply, and it provides a variety of services that exceed the expectations of consumers, service providers, and equipment manufacturers. This architecture can help device manufacturers flexibly develop RGs that support multiple home network technologies, while supporting multiple voice calls and other value-added services, while also transmitting multiple HDTV streaming media. The choice of hardware and software configurations can be easily exchanged, which will shorten the development time of equipment manufacturers and provide service providers with a powerful platform for them to launch new revenue-generating services.
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