Study of colchicine analysis method - Database & Sql Blog Articles

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Study on the Analytical Method of Colchicine

Product Name: Colchicine

English Name: Colchicine

Also Known As: Colchicine, 7-Acetamido-6,7-dihydro-1,2,3,10-tetramethoxybenzo[a]heptalen-9(5H)-one, N-(5,6,7,9-tetrahydro-1,2,3,10-tetramethoxy-9-oxobenzo[a]heptalen-7-yl)-acetamide

Source: Extracted from bulbs and leaves of plants in the genus *Colchicum autumnale L.*, *Iphigenia indica Kunth et Benth*, and similar species

Properties: Light yellow crystals or crystalline powder. It has a bitter taste and exhibits photochromism. Melting point is 157°C (recrystallized from ethyl acetate). Specific optical rotation [α]D is -429° (1.72%, water) and -121° (0.9%, chloroform). Maximum absorption wavelengths in ethanol are 243 nm and 350.5 nm. Soluble in water, ethanol, and chloroform; slightly soluble in benzene; insoluble in petroleum ether. A 0.5% solution is weakly acidic. LD50 (mouse, intraperitoneal) is 6.1 mg/kg. pK (20°C) = 12.35, pH = 5.9. Due to the amide structure in its side chain, it is not alkaline.

Production Method: Colchicine is an alkaloid extracted from the bulb of *Liliaceae* plant, specifically *Shanshan mushroom*. The mushroom powder is extracted using 85% ethanol and refluxed for 4 hours. The resulting ethanol solution is concentrated into a semi-gel, then diluted with distilled water. The filtrate is acidified with 10% sulfuric acid and extracted with chloroform. After concentration, crude colchicine is obtained through crystallization and further recrystallized to produce the final product. The total yield from the raw material is approximately 0.15%. Most foreign countries extract it from the bulbs of *Colchicum* species.

Applications: Colchicine is primarily used as an anti-gout and anti-cancer drug. It inhibits cell mitosis by stopping it at the M phase. It shows significant effects on breast cancer and can also be used for cervical, esophageal, lung, gastric cancers, and chronic myeloid leukemia. It is effective in treating acute gout attacks, offering anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Available in tablet and injection forms. In recent years, its clinical applications have expanded significantly, including the prevention of atherosclerosis, treatment of cirrhosis, management of periodic fever caused by abnormal catecholamines, Behçet’s disease, lumbar disc herniation, chronic low back pain, sciatica, adhesions, refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, persistent inflammatory erythema, advanced schistosomiasis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) vasculitis. Additionally, it is widely used in chromosome research and in producing polyploids, such as seedless fruits.

Study on the Analytical Method of Colchicine