Study of colchicine analysis method - Database & Sql Blog Articles

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Study on Analytical Method of Colchicine

Product Name: Colchicine

English Name: Colchicine

Also Known As: 7-Acetamido-6,7-dihydro-1,2,3,10-tetramethoxybenzo[a]heptalen-9(5H)-one, N-(5,6,7,9-tetrahydro-1,2,3,10-tetramethoxy-9-oxobenzo[a]heptalen-7-yl)-acetamide

Source of Extraction: Bulbs and leaves of Colchicum autumnale L., Iphigenia indica Kunth et Benth, and similar species.

Properties: Light yellow crystal or crystalline powder with a bitter taste. It exhibits photochromism. Melting point is 157°C (recrystallized from ethyl acetate). Specific optical rotation [α]D is -429° (1.72%, water) and -121° (0.9%, chloroform). Maximum absorption wavelengths in ethanol are at 243 nm and 350.5 nm. It dissolves easily in water, ethanol, and chloroform; slightly soluble in benzene; and insoluble in petroleum ether. A 0.5% solution is weakly acidic. LD50 (mouse, intraperitoneal) is 6.1 mg/kg. pK (20°C) = 12.35, pH 5.9. Due to the amide structure in its side chain, it is not alkaline.

Production Method: Colchicine is an alkaloid extracted from the bulb of Liliaceae plants, such as the Shanshan mushroom. The mushroom powder is extracted using 85% ethanol and refluxed for four hours. The resulting ethanol solution is concentrated into a semi-gel, then diluted with distilled water. After acidification with 10% sulfuric acid, it is extracted with chloroform and concentrated. The crude colchicine obtained through crystallization is further recrystallized to produce the final product. The total yield from Shanshan mushroom powder is about 0.15%. Most foreign countries extract it from bulbs of the genus Colchicum.

Uses of Colchicine: It is primarily used as an anti-gout and anti-cancer drug. It inhibits cell mitosis, stopping it at the M phase. It has significant effects on breast cancer and is also used in cervical, esophageal, lung, gastric cancers, and chronic myeloid leukemia. It is effective for acute gout attacks, offering anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Available in tablet and injection forms. Recently, its clinical applications have expanded significantly, including prevention of atherosclerosis, treatment of cirrhosis, management of periodic fever caused by abnormal catecholamines, Behçet’s disease, lumbar disc herniation, intractable low back pain, sciatica, adhesion, refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, persistent inflammatory erythema, advanced schistosomiasis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus vasculitis. Additionally, colchicine is used to induce polyploidy in plants, such as seedless fruits. It is an essential reagent in chromosome research. The colchicine tablet serves both as an anti-gout and anti-cancer medication.

Study on Analytical Method of Colchicine