Experimental study of bilobalide against rat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia - Master's thesis - Dissertation

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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is a serious opportunistic infection that primarily affects individuals with weakened immune systems. It mainly targets the lungs and can lead to severe complications, especially in high-risk groups such as those with diabetes, cancer, or AIDS. Although sulfonamides and pentamidine are commonly used treatments, they often come with significant side effects and increasing drug resistance. In response, some Chinese researchers have explored the use of traditional Chinese medicine, including Astragalus, Ginkgo, Garlic, and Artemisia annua, to treat PCP with promising results. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of Astragalus injection with that of compound sulfamethoxazole in treating PCP in rats.

Ginkgolide has shown potential in inhibiting Pneumocystis growth, and when combined with Astragalus, it may offer a safer alternative to conventional drugs. The research involved establishing a rat model of PCP using dexamethasone to suppress immunity, followed by treatment with either Astragalus solution or sulfamethoxazole. The outcomes were evaluated through lung weight, cyst counts, and histopathological analysis.

The results showed that both treatments reduced the number of Pneumocystis cysts and improved lung conditions compared to the untreated control group. While sulfamethoxazole had a more immediate effect, Astragalus demonstrated fewer side effects and a better overall safety profile. These findings suggest that combining Astragalus injection with standard therapy could be a valuable approach for managing PCP, though further studies are needed to fully understand its mechanisms and long-term benefits.

Overall, this research highlights the potential of integrating traditional herbal remedies with modern pharmacology to develop more effective and less toxic treatments for opportunistic infections like PCP.

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