Advantages of empty paper cone speakers

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1. Empty paper cone speakers significantly reduce speaker vibration amplitude.

Refer to Figures 4 and 5 for the equivalent circuit of an inverted speaker and an empty cone speaker. Inverted speakers separate the driver from the enclosure due to the equivalent Cm of the port, which causes them to behave like being in free space at ultra-low frequencies. This results in large speaker vibrations and higher distortion. On the other hand, the empty cone speaker couples the driver with the cone, acting like a sealed enclosure with similar volume. This suppresses vibration amplitude, allowing for deep bass with less distortion. The empty cone speaker’s ability to control amplitude across the entire frequency range is one of its main advantages.

2. Empty paper cone speakers have higher sensitivity in the playback band.

Inverted speakers radiate sound through the port, causing cancellation at low frequencies due to phase differences. This leads to a steep roll-off of about 18dB/octave. In contrast, the empty cone speaker adds an acoustic load, preventing air leakage. As shown in Figure 6, this increases the sound pressure level from the cone compared to the driver. The system rolls off more gently at around 12dB/octave. As frequency rises, the cone's radiation increases until it matches the driver’s, creating a dip in the frequency response. Beyond that point, the sound pressure rises sharply, forming a sharp cutoff. This is a distinctive feature of the empty cone speaker.

3. Empty paper cone speakers allow the use of larger cones without compromising internal volume.

Inverted speakers face limitations in port size due to physical constraints, which can lead to airflow noise. Larger ports require longer ducts, reducing internal volume. The empty cone speaker, however, offers flexibility in cone size without affecting the internal space. A larger cone improves low-frequency extension and reduces vibration amplitude, enhancing linearity and output levels. Additionally, the cone acts as an effective sound absorber, minimizing unwanted reflections and improving overall sound quality.

4. Installation location has minimal impact on performance.

The empty cone can be placed anywhere, such as on the bottom or back of the speaker. This allows for better mid- and low-frequency response, as floor reflection enhances bass radiation. It also helps position the sound image accurately, resulting in clearer and more transparent low-end performance. While some listeners may find the transient response slightly slower, many high-end systems, such as those from Somfy or Thiel, demonstrate excellent transient behavior, suggesting that design and tuning play a critical role.

Although the empty cone speaker offers superior performance, it comes with a higher cost and a slightly higher Qoe value, which requires careful tuning. Proper system analysis and parameter adjustment are essential to achieve optimal sound quality.